TCP/IP is a large collection of different communication protocols. TCP/IP is a large collection of different communication protocols based upon the two original protocols TCP and IP. TCP is used for transmission of data from an application to the network. TCP is responsible for breaking data down into IP packets before they are sent, and for assembling the packets when they arrive. IP takes care of the communication with other computers. IP is responsible for the sending and receiving data packets over the Internet. HTTP takes care of the communication between a web server and a web browser. HTTP is used for sending requests from a web client (a browser) to a web server, returning web content (web pages) from the server back to the client. HTTPS takes care of secure communication between a web server and a web browser. HTTPS typically handles credit card transactions and other sensitive data. The SSL protocol is used for encryption of data for secure data transmission. SMTP is used for transmission of e-mails. The MIME protocol lets SMTP transmit multimedia files including voice, audio, and binary data across TCP/IP networks. IMAP is used for storing and retrieving e-mails. POP is used for downloading e-mails from an e-mail server to a personal computer. FTP takes care of transmission of files between computers. NTP is used to synchronize the time (the clock) between computers. DHCP is used for allocation of dynamic IP addresses to computers in a network. SNMP is used for administration of computer networks. LDAP is used for collecting information about users and e-mail addresses from the internet. ICMP takes care of error-handling in the network. ARP is used by IP to find the hardware address of a computer network card based on the IP address. RARP is used by IP to find the IP address based on the hardware address of a computer network card. BOOTP is used for booting (starting) computers from the network. PPTP is used for setting up a connection (tunnel) between private networks.
A Family of Protocols
TCP - Transmission Control Protocol
IP - Internet Protocol
HTTP - Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
HTTPS - Secure HTTP
SSL - Secure Sockets Layer
SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
MIME - Multi-purpose Internet Mail Extensions
IMAP - Internet Message Access Protocol
POP - Post Office Protocol
FTP - File Transfer Protocol
NTP - Network Time Protocol
DHCP - Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
SNMP - Simple Network Management Protocol
LDAP - Lightweight Directory Access Protocol
ICMP - Internet Control Message Protocol
ARP - Address Resolution Protocol
RARP - Reverse Address Resolution Protocol
BOOTP - Boot Protocol
PPTP - Point to Point Tunneling Protocol
Tuesday, 11 October 2011
TCP/IP Protocols
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